Details

Food Frying


Food Frying

Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Safety
1. Aufl.

von: Alam Zeb

179,99 €

Verlag: Wiley
Format: EPUB
Veröffentl.: 10.01.2019
ISBN/EAN: 9781119468394
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 496

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Beschreibungen

<p><b>A wide-ranging exploration of the science and practice of food frying</b></p> <p>Frying is one of the world’s most popular methods of food preparation. Whether using oils or fats, it is valued for the particular flavors and textures it can bring, and represents a multibillion-dollar sector of the global economy. <i>Food Frying: Chemistry, Biochemistry and Safety </i>explores this important cooking technique in its scientific dimensions, charting the relationships between the chemical reactions produced during frying, the changes in food quality that these engender, and associated digestive and health-related issues.</p> <p>By outlining these connections, the author provides an aid to a safer, healthier approach to food frying. Topics covered range from culturally specific forms of frying to detailed analyses of the chemical and biochemical processes involved in its practice. Delivering these insights in a practical and easy-to-follow manner, this unique text includes:  </p> <ul> <li>A complete survey of food frying, encompassing cultural, chemical, biochemical, and toxicological concerns</li> <li>Guidance on the accurate assessment of health, quality, and safety issues associated with food frying Coverage of the latest technologies and methods involved with frying</li> <li>Information on the possible future development of fried foods</li> </ul> <p><i>Food Frying: Chemistry, Biochemistry and Safety </i>is an invaluable resource for all those who work with fried foods, whether they be food industry professionals, food scientists, or workers in the oil and fat industries. </p>
<p>Foreword by Bertrand Matthäus xvii</p> <p>Preface xix</p> <p>About the Author xxi</p> <p>Acknowledgement xxiii</p> <p><b>Part I Concept of Food Frying 1</b></p> <p><b>1 Food Frying: The Concept 3</b></p> <p>1.1 Introduction 3</p> <p>1.2 History of Frying 3</p> <p>1.3 Mechanism of Frying 5</p> <p>1.4 Why We Fry Foods 17</p> <p>1.5 Key Concepts 18</p> <p>References 18</p> <p><b>2 Frying Techniques 23</b></p> <p>2.1 Introduction 23</p> <p>2.2 Concept of Deep Frying 23</p> <p>2.3 Tools Used in Frying 24</p> <p>2.4 Optimized Conditions 26</p> <p>2.5 Types of Frying 36</p> <p>2.6 Tips to Remember During Frying 53</p> <p>2.7 Choice of Frying Method 54</p> <p>2.8 Key Concepts 55</p> <p>References 56</p> <p><b>3 Frying and Culture 65</b></p> <p>3.1 Introduction 65</p> <p>3.2 The Common Point 65</p> <p>3.3 Frying in American Cuisines 66</p> <p>3.4 Frying in European Cuisines 67</p> <p>3.5 Frying in Asian Cuisines 68</p> <p>3.6 Frying in African Cuisines 68</p> <p>3.7 Frying in Middle Eastern Cuisines 69</p> <p>3.8 Key Concepts 69</p> <p>References 70</p> <p><b>Part II Chemistry of Food Frying 71</b></p> <p><b>4 Chemistry of the Frying Medium 73</b></p> <p>4.1 Frying Medium 73</p> <p>4.2 Classification and Choice of Frying Medium 74</p> <p>4.3 Chemistry of the Frying Medium 75</p> <p>4.4 Chemistry of Lipid Oxidation During Frying 85</p> <p>4.5 Formation of Volatile Products 96</p> <p>4.6 Sterol Oxidation 103</p> <p>4.7 Tocopherol Oxidation 104</p> <p>4.8 Formation of Trans Fatty Acids 107</p> <p>4.9 Techniques for Measuring Lipid Oxidation 108</p> <p>4.10 Key Concepts 109</p> <p>References 109</p> <p><b>5 Chemistry of Fried Foods 115</b></p> <p>5.1 Introduction 115</p> <p>5.2 Carbohydrates 115</p> <p>5.3 Proteins and Amino Acids 119</p> <p>5.4 Lipids 121</p> <p>5.5 Micromolecules 122</p> <p>5.6 Frying of Carbohydrate‐Rich Foods 122</p> <p>5.7 Frying of Protein‐Rich Foods 133</p> <p>5.8 Frying of Seafood 143</p> <p>5.9 Frying of Vegetables 150</p> <p>5.10 Physicochemical Characteristics of Fried Foods 158</p> <p>5.11 Improving Product Quality 164</p> <p>5.12 Key Concepts 164</p> <p>References 165</p> <p><b>6 Chemistry of Interactions in Frying 175</b></p> <p>6.1 Introduction 175</p> <p>6.2 Factors Affecting the Frying Medium 176</p> <p>6.3 Factors Affecting the Food 184</p> <p>6.4 Heat Transfer 195</p> <p>6.5 Mass Transfer 195</p> <p>6.6 Nutritional Value Retention 196</p> <p>6.7 Key Concepts 200</p> <p>References 200</p> <p><b>7 Analysis of Frying 207</b></p> <p>7.1 Introduction 207</p> <p>7.2 Analysis of Triacylglycerols 208</p> <p>7.3 Analysis of FA Oxidation Products 225</p> <p>7.4 Analysis of Sterol Oxidation 236</p> <p>7.5 Analysis of Sensory Metabolites 245</p> <p>7.6 Analysis of Heterocyclic Amines 249</p> <p>7.7 Analysis of Acrylamide 250</p> <p>7.8 Analysis of Tocopherols 251</p> <p>7.9 Analysis of Polyphenolic Compounds 255</p> <p>7.10 Analysis of Other Minor Compounds 255</p> <p>7.11 Key Concepts 256</p> <p>References 257</p> <p><b>Part III Biochemistry of Food Frying 277</b></p> <p><b>8 Digestion and Absorption of Fried Foods 279</b></p> <p>8.1 Introduction 279</p> <p>8.2 Acceptability of Fried Foods 279</p> <p>8.3 Digestion of Fried Foods 282</p> <p>8.4 Absorption of Fried Foods 285</p> <p>8.5 Excretion of Fried Foods 287</p> <p>8.6 Key Concepts 289</p> <p>References 289</p> <p><b>9 Nutrition and Metabolism of Fried Foods 293</b></p> <p>9.1 Introduction 293</p> <p>9.2 Metabolism of Fried Lipids 295</p> <p>9.3 Metabolism of Fried Proteins 309</p> <p>9.4 Metabolism of Fried Carbohydrates 312</p> <p>9.5 Metabolism of Other Metabolites 316</p> <p>9.6 Key Concepts 316</p> <p>References 318</p> <p><b>10 Fried Foods in Health and Disease 327</b></p> <p>10.1 Introduction 327</p> <p>10.2 Fried Foods and Health 327</p> <p>10.3 Fried Foods and Cancer 330</p> <p>10.4 Fried Foods and Diabetes 333</p> <p>10.5 Fried Foods and Cardiovascular Diseases 336</p> <p>10.6 Fried Foods and Aging 339</p> <p>10.7 Key Concepts 340</p> <p>References 340</p> <p><b>Part IV Safety in Food Frying 347</b></p> <p><b>11 Safety Assessment of Food Frying 349</b></p> <p>11.1 Introduction 349</p> <p>11.2 Guideline for Assessment 350</p> <p>11.3 Quality Indicators for Used Frying Oils 351</p> <p>11.4 Physical Assessment 353</p> <p>11.5 Chemical Assessment 355</p> <p>11.6 Evaluation of Fried Foods 359</p> <p>11.7 The Future of Fried Food Safety 359</p> <p>11.8 Key Concepts 360</p> <p>References 360</p> <p><b>12 Toxicity of Food Frying 365</b></p> <p>12.1 Introduction 365</p> <p>12.2 Toxicity of Oxidized Triacylglycerols 365</p> <p>12.3 Toxicity of Acrylamide 366</p> <p>12.4 Toxicity of Acrolein 368</p> <p>12.5 Toxicity of Amines and Alcohols 375</p> <p>12.6 Toxicity of Aldehydes 385</p> <p>12.7 Pro‐Oxidants 391</p> <p>12.8 Disposal of Fried Foods 391</p> <p>12.9 Disposal and Use of the Frying Medium 393</p> <p>12.10 Key Concepts 395</p> <p>References 396</p> <p><b>13 Improving the Quality of Fried Foods 407</b></p> <p>13.1 Introduction 407</p> <p>13.2 Improving the Quality of Fried Foods 407</p> <p>13.3 Mitigation Strategies for Acrylamide 424</p> <p>13.4 Reducing Oil Uptake 427</p> <p>13.5 Fortification 428</p> <p>13.6 The Role of Natural Antioxidants 428</p> <p>13.7 Packaging of Fried Foods 431</p> <p>13.8 Quality Control in Frying 434</p> <p>13.9 Key Concepts 434</p> <p>References 434</p> <p><b>14 The Future of Food Frying 447</b></p> <p>14.1 Introduction 447</p> <p>14.2 Current Strategies 447</p> <p>14.3 Future Scenarios 449</p> <p>14.4 Hurdles 451</p> <p>14.5 Key Concepts 452</p> <p>References 452</p> <p>Index 455</p>
<p><b>ALAM ZEB, PhD,</b> Professor, Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Pakistan.
<p><b>A wide-ranging exploration of the science and practice of food frying</b> <p>Frying is one of the world's most popular methods of food preparation. Whether using oils or fats, it is valued for the particular flavors and textures it can bring, and represents a multibillion-dollar sector of the global economy. <i>Food Frying: Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Safety</i> explores this important cooking technique in its scientific dimensions, charting the relationships between the chemical reactions produced during frying, the changes in food quality that these engender, and associated digestive and health-related issues. <p>By outlining these connections, the author provides an aid to a safer, healthier approach to food frying. Topics covered range from culturally specific forms of frying to detailed analyses of the chemical and biochemical processes involved in its practice. Delivering these insights in a practical and easy-to-follow manner, this unique text includes: <ul> <li>A complete survey of food frying, encompassing cultural, chemical, biochemical, and toxicological concerns</li> <li>Guidance on the accurate assessment of health, quality, and safety issues associated with food frying coverage of the latest technologies and methods involved with frying</li> <li>Information on the possible future development of fried foods</li> </ul> <p><i>Food Frying: Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Safety</i> is an invaluable resource for all those who work with fried foods, whether they be food industry professionals, food scientists, or workers in the oil and fat industries.

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