Table of Contents
Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Preface
About the Editors
Chapter 1: Synchrotron Light Sources
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Synchrotron Radiation Generation
1.3 Light Source Storage Ring and Its Beam Dynamics
1.4 Low-Emittance Lattice for Light Source Storage Ring
1.5 Status of Storage Ring Light Sources
References
Chapter 2: Beamlines for Materials Science
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Radiation Properties of Different Sources
2.3 SR Beamline as an Optical System
2.4 Structure of Typical X-ray Beamlines
2.5 Radiation Safety and Interlock System
2.6 Beamline X-ray Optics
2.7 X-ray Beamlines for Next Generation SRs
2.8 Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 3: Synchrotron Radiation Experimental Techniques
3.1 X-ray Diffraction
3.2 XAFS Technique
3.3 Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Technique
3.4 Imaging Technique
3.5 Soft X-ray Methodology
References
Chapter 4: Photon-In Photon-Out Spectroscopic Techniques for Materials Analysis: Some Recent Developments
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Photon-In Photon-Out Soft X-ray Techniques
4.3 Prospects
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 5: Quantitative Femtosecond Charge Transfer Dynamics at Organic/Electrode Interfaces Studied by Core-Hole Clock Spectroscopy
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Basic Principles of Core-Hole Clock Spectroscopy
5.3 Energetic Condition for Probing Dynamic Charge Transfer
5.4 Experimental Realization
5.5 Charge Transfer Dynamics at Organic/Electrode Interfaces
5.6 Conclusions and Outlook
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 6: Experimental Study of Ferroelectric Materials by Coherent X-ray Scattering
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Soft X-ray Speckle
6.3 Temporal Intensity Correlation
6.4 Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 7: Probing Organic Solar Cells with Grazing Incidence Scattering Techniques
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering (GISAXS)
7.3 Grazing Incidence Wide Angle X-ray Scattering (GIWAXS)
7.4 Probing the Active Layer Morphology with GIWAXS
7.5 Probing the Active Layer Morphology with GISAXS
7.6 Summary
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 8: Investigating Strain in Silicon-on-Insulator Nanostructures by Coherent X-ray Diffraction
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Coherence
8.3 Coherent X-ray Diffraction Imaging (CDI)
8.4 Strain Distribution in Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) Structures
8.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 9: Synchrotron Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Study of Carbon and Silicon Nanostructures for Energy Applications
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Carbon Nanostructures in Energy Applications
9.3 Si Nanostructures in Energy Applications
9.4 Conclusions and Prospective
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 10: Synchrotron-Radiation-Based Soft X-ray Electron Spectroscopies Applied to Structural and Chemical Characterization of Isolated Species, from Molecules to Nano-objects
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Relevant Information in Photoelectron Spectra
10.3 Photoionization Cross Sections: A Structural Probe for Simple Molecules
10.4 Imaging Molecular Potentials
10.5 Photoelectron Spectroscopy-Based Structural Investigations of Clusters
10.6 Soft X-ray Spectroscopy Applied to Even Larger Systems: Physical Properties of Isolated Nanoparticles
10.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 11: X-ray Imaging for Nondestructive Analysis of Material Microstructures
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Methodology Development
11.3 Applications in Material Science
References
Chapter 12: Exploring Actinide Materials through Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
12.1 Introduction
12.2 The Redox and Coordination Chemistry of Actinide
12.3 Challenges for Actinide Measurements at SR Facilities
12.4 Determination of Actinide Speciation by XAFS
12.5 Applications of XANES in Actinide Characterization
12.6 Actinide Computational Chemistry Associated with EXAFS and XANES Results
12.7 Applications of SR-Based XRD in Actinide Material
12.8 Applications of SR-Based X-ray Scattering (XRS) in Actinide Material
12.9 Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Fluorescence (SR-XRF) for Elemental Distribution and Quantitative Analysis of Actinide Materials
12.10 Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy for Actinide Imaging
12.11 Summary
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
References
Chapter 13: Techniques and Demonstrations of Synchrotron-Based In situ Soft X-ray Spectroscopy for Studying Energy Materials
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Ambient Pressure Photoelectron Spectroscopy
13.3 Soft X-ray Absorption, Nonresonant X-ray Emission Spectroscopy, and Resonant Inelastic Soft X-ray Scattering
13.4 Conclusions and Future Outlook
References
Chapter 14: Synchrotron-Based Bioimaging in Cells and In vivo
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Overview of Synchrotron-Based X-ray Microscopy
14.3 Synchrotron-Based Bioimaging in Cells
14.4 Synchrotron-Based Bioimaging
In vivo
14.5 Summary
References
Chapter 15: Study on the Toxicology of Nanomaterials by Synchrotron Radiation Techniques*
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Characterization of Nanomaterials
15.3
In vitro
and
In vivo
Behaviors of Nanomaterials
15.4 Toxicological Effects of Nanomaterials in Ecosystems
15.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 16: Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Imaging in Biomedical Research
16.1 History of Synchrotron Radiation Imaging
16.2 Principle of Synchrotron Radiation Imaging
16.3 Advantage of SR X-ray Imaging
16.4 SR X-ray Absorption-Contrast Imaging
16.5 Phase-Contrast Imaging
16.6 Development of SR Molecular Imaging
16.7 Microbeam Radiation Therapy (MRT)
16.8 The Safety of SR Imaging
16.9 Prospects
Abbreviations
References
Chapter 17: Integrative SAXS-Driven Computational Modeling of Biomolecular Complexes
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Theoretical SAXS Computing for Protein, RNA/DNA, and Their Complexes
17.3 Computational Generation of Candidate Conformations for SAXS Data Interpretation
17.4 Structural Determination from Experimental SAXS Data
17.5 Examples of SAXS Applications and Integration with Other Biophysical Techniques
17.6 Conclusions and Perspectives
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 18: Applications of Synchrotron-Based Spectroscopic Techniques in Studying Nucleic Acids and Nucleic-Acid-Based Nanomaterials
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Synchrotron-Based Spectroscopic Techniques in the Characterization of Nucleic Acids
18.3 SAXS for Studying Electrostatics of Nucleic Acids
18.4 SAXS in Studying Conformations of Nucleic Acids
18.5 Time-Resolved Synchrotron X-ray Footprinting in Studying the Folding of Nucleic Acid Structures
18.6 Synchrotron-Based Methods in Studying DNA-Functionalized Nanomaterials
18.7 Synchrotron Radiation for Studying DNA–Lipid Interaction
18.8 Summary and Outlook
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 19: X-ray Microscopy for Nanoscale 3D Imaging of Biological Cells and Tissues
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Intermediate-Energy X-ray Microscope
19.3 Discussions and Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 20: Synchrotron-Based X-ray Microscopy for Nanoscale Bioimaging
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Synchrotron-Based Nanoscale Bioimaging in Cells
20.3 Synchrotron-Based Nanoscale Bioimaging in Animals
20.4 Synchrotron-Based Nanoscale Bioimaging in Plants
20.5 Summary
References
Index
End User License Agreement
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Guide
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